Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials for Storing Hydrogen as an Alternative Source to Fossil Fuel Derivatives

The decline in global reserves of fossil fuels due to the increasing energy demand has caused the petrochemical industry to be interested in finding new energy sources. An alternative that should be considered is the technology based on hydrogen as it is friendly to the environment and its combustion is greenhouse. The technology based on hydrogen considers the synthesis of metal-organic materials that have the ability to store, although this phenomenon (storage) is one of the biggest problems to overcome. For this reason, options synthesized for storing materials are provided in this chapter of Book Two. These materials are considered nanostructured systems with specific features in 2D and 3D. The synthesized materials are tetracyanoniquelates ( [M (H2O)2 (Ni (CN)4) (H2O)n M = manganese, cobalt, and nickel) and hexacyano-cobaltates ((M3 [Co (CN) 6] 2xH2O); M: manganese, nickel, cobalt, zinc, cadmium, and copper), both systems with individual cavities that require study and characterization. Moreover, in this chapter, a thermogravimetric characterization is performed in order to establish the activation energy of the mobility of water molecules contained in the cavities, relevant information to establish the energy barrier to overcome in the storage of hydrogen.